Understanding OPWDD’s IDGS Category: What You Can (and Can’t) Buy

Author: Rafael Bonilla

Date: April 2025

Tags: IDGS, OPWDD, Self-Direction, Budget Categories, Fiscal Intermediary, Support Broker, Allowable Expenses


IDGS Can Unlock Life-Changing Supports — If You Know How to Use It

When it comes to Self-Direction, few budget categories are as flexible — or as misunderstood — as IDGS, which stands for Individual Directed Goods and Services.

Families often ask:

  • “What can I actually buy with IDGS?”

  • “How do I make sure it gets approved?”

  • “What’s the process for submitting items?”

This blog post breaks it all down: what IDGS really is, what OPWDD allows (and doesn’t), and how to use it smartly, compliantly, and effectively to support your goals.


What Is IDGS?

Individual Directed Goods and Services (IDGS) is a budget category in Self-Direction that covers goods, services, and supports not traditionally funded by Medicaid, but which are directly related to the person’s valued outcomes.

Think of IDGS as the “custom tools” section of your Self-Direction plan. If your budget were a toolbox, IDGS lets you add things tailored just for your goals — as long as they:

  1. Support independence and community involvement

  2. Are related to a documented goal in your Self-Direction plan

  3. Are not available through other funding sources

  4. Are cost-effective and not for leisure or luxury


Examples of IDGS Purchases (That Are Often Approved)

Here’s a list of commonly approved IDGS items — when tied directly to a goal:

1. Classes & Instruction

  • Art, music, or dance classes to build social or fine motor skills

  • Cooking or nutrition classes for independent living

  • Personal training or fitness classes for health goals

  • Driver’s education (if eligible and appropriate)

2. Supplies & Equipment

  • Adaptive kitchen tools or utensils

  • Visual schedules, timers, or noise-canceling headphones

  • Workbooks or learning tools (with a stated goal)

  • Sensory items (weighted blankets, fidget tools, etc.)

3. Memberships

  • YMCA or community gym membership

  • Museum or zoo pass to support social/community involvement

  • Educational subscriptions (like Skillshare, BrainPOP, or Duolingo)

4. Supportive Technology

  • Tablets or laptops (if used for communication, education, or job readiness)

  • Software for communication or learning

  • Smart home devices that support safety or independence (e.g., a talking clock, smart lock)

5. Evaluations or Consultations

  • Job assessments

  • Assistive tech evaluations

  • Life coaching (if approved and not therapy)

6. Transportation Items

  • Bike or adaptive tricycle (if used for independent transportation)

  • MetroCards (in some regions if tied to work or community involvement)

  • Travel training services


What IDGS Can’t Be Used For

Even though IDGS is flexible, it has clear limits. Here are examples of non-allowable expenses:

  • Items for general leisure (video games, entertainment subscriptions)

  • Duplicate items already available through Medicaid or school district

  • Vacations or travel unrelated to a goal

  • Items that benefit other family members (shared tablets, furniture)

  • General household appliances (microwaves, TVs, couches, etc.)

  • Cash, gift cards, or gratuities

  • Items that are not cost-effective or are excessive in price

Tip: When in doubt, ask your Broker or FI before purchasing anything!


How to Get an IDGS Purchase Approved

Here’s a step-by-step of how the process usually works:

1. Make Sure It’s in the Plan

The item or service must be clearly linked to a goal in your Self-Direction plan. For example:

“Increase independence in the kitchen by participating in weekly cooking lessons using adaptive cooking tools.”

If it’s not in your plan, we’ll request a plan addendum with updated goals.

2. Submit an IDGS Request to Your FI

Your FI may have a specific form or portal for IDGS requests. Include:

  • A description of the item

  • Cost estimate or quote

  • Vendor or website

  • Explanation of how it meets a goal

3. Wait for Pre-Approval

The FI will review and forward to OPWDD if needed. Never purchase first and hope for reimbursement — always wait for approval.

4. Purchase or Schedule the Service

Once approved, you or your FI will buy the item or register for the class/service.

5. Submit Documentation

For reimbursement or recordkeeping, you’ll need:

  • Receipt or invoice

  • Proof of delivery (if applicable)

  • Usage plan (for larger items like laptops)


How a Support Broker Helps with IDGS

As your Broker, here’s how I help make IDGS easy to understand and use:

  • Match items to your goals

  • Write justifications that meet OPWDD standards

  • Help you complete FI paperwork

  • Track your budget to ensure there’s room for purchases

  • Support plan addendums when goals need to be updated

I also help explain any denials and work with you to appeal or find alternatives.


Tips for Making the Most of IDGS

  1. Be goal-specific
    Avoid general language. OPWDD wants to see how the item helps you.

  2. Keep a wishlist
    Jot down ideas for classes, items, or subscriptions during the year — we can review them at renewal.

  3. Review usage mid-year
    Don’t wait until the end of the year to realize funds weren’t used!

  4. Document everything
    Save receipts, invoices, and email approvals — they protect you and help with renewals.


Final Thought

IDGS is one of the most powerful tools in Self-Direction — it allows for personalized support that reflects real-life needs, passions, and goals. When used correctly, it can open doors to independence, joy, and skill-building that truly make a difference.

If you need help understanding, requesting, or managing your IDGS purchases, that’s exactly what I’m here for. Let’s make your budget work smarter for you.


Tailored Independence LLC

Rafael Bonilla, Support Broker


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A Complete Guide to the Self-Direction Process: From Start to Services